Runny Nose in Cats: Causes and Treatment
Cats may have runny noses for various reasons, such as allergies, upper respiratory infections, or more complex diseases. A cat's runny nose might resolve itself, but veterinary care may be necessary, especially if additional symptoms are observed. Below are some common causes of a cat's runny nose, along with accompanying symptoms and possible actions to take.
Why Does My Cat Have a Runny Nose?
Nasal discharge, commonly known as a runny nose, is not an illness itself. Instead, it signifies a possible illness or other health issue. A cat’s runny nose results from irritation or inflammation of the nasal tissues. Rhinitis, or nasal inflammation, often leads to nasal discharge. Here are several potential causes of runny noses in cats:
Upper respiratory infection (viral, bacterial, fungal)
Allergies
Eye infections or other eye problems (eye discharge may lead to excess nasal discharge)
Oral and dental problems
Trauma to the nasal cavity
Toxic irritants
Polyps
Foreign body in the nasal canal (usually accompanied by sneezing)
Cancer
Symptoms of Runny Noses in Cats
If your cat exhibits a runny nose, you might notice other symptoms simultaneously. Nasal discharge can occur from one or both nostrils and may alternate between sides. Even if the nose is merely running without additional symptoms, it could indicate a larger underlying issue. If you observe additional signs of illness accompanying the nasal discharge, it might be more urgent. Pay attention to these health indicators and consult your veterinarian for advice.
Staining or discoloration of the facial fur
Nasal congestion
Snoring
Sneezing
Coughing
Nasal swelling
Bloody discharge from nose
Eye discharge or other eye issues
Pawing at face
Difficulty breathing
Poor appetite
Weight loss
Lethargy
What to Do If Your Cat Has a Runny Nose
If you notice nasal discharge in your cat and there are no other signs of illness, then it's sensible to wait for a day or two to see if the runny nose clears up. If other signs appear, or the runny nose continues for a few days, contact your veterinarian to ask about the next steps.
If your cat has cold-like signs, your vet's office may want to schedule an appointment at a specific time to keep other cats away since many feline upper respiratory infections are highly contagious.
How Vets Diagnose the Source of Runny Noses in Cats
Your veterinarian will begin with a comprehensive examination of your cat. Providing detailed information about the symptoms you’ve observed at home, along with your cat’s current and past medical history, is crucial. Additionally, inform your veterinarian about your cat’s environment, diet, and any medications or supplements your cat is receiving.
Based on the exam results, your veterinarian may suggest diagnostic tests. Blood and urine tests offer insights into your cat’s organ function and overall health. X-rays of the nasal passages can help detect abnormalities. If a nasal mass or foreign body is suspected, your vet might refer you to a specialist for a rhinoscopy. In some cases, advanced imaging like a CT or MRI scan may be necessary.
How to Treat Runny Noses in Cats
The treatment for your cat’s runny nose will depend on its underlying cause. Sometimes, your veterinarian may provide medications and home care instructions. However, severely ill cats might require hospitalization for supportive care.
If your cat's runny nose is due to an infection, then medications may be necessary to clear it up. This may include antibiotics, antifungal drugs, or antiviral medications depending on the source of the infection.
Allergies can often be managed with antihistamines and through reduction of the allergen in your cat's environment.
If the nasal discharge occurs due to dental or oral problems, the vet will need to put your cat under anesthesia to address the problem, which may include tooth extractions.
Cats with nasal foreign bodies, polyps, or tumors may need to have a rhinoscopy to remove the source of irritation.
If cancer is found, the cat may need chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
Surgery may be needed to address traumatic injuries or cancer.
Prognosis for Cats With Runny Noses
The prognosis for cats with runny noses varies based on the underlying cause.
Cats with infections typically respond well to medications and supportive care. However, infectious agents, especially viruses, can lead to chronic nasal discharge and other complications. If your cat experiences chronic or recurring nasal discharge, your veterinarian may suggest consulting a veterinary specialist.
Most cats recover successfully following the removal of a foreign body or polyp, although damage to the nasal passages may result in chronic inflammation.
The prognosis for cancer depends on the type and severity. A veterinary oncologist is the best person to consult after a cancer diagnosis.
How to Prevent Runny Noses
Preventing runny noses in cats involves minimizing the risk of illnesses and injuries. Outdoor cats are more susceptible to injuries and infectious diseases, so keeping them indoors significantly reduces these risks. Additionally, ensure your cat receives routine wellness exams and recommended vaccinations from your veterinarian.
